45. INTRODUCTION

Those of you who have looked at my profile will see that I am a writer and an Architect, and that "my life's work", in many respects, is my long and detailed book "The Sky Their Battlefield 2", which has just been updated, expanded and was republished in October 2014. It has met with a lot of critical acclaim and praise. More importantly, it has proved useful to thousands of people around the world, since the first edition appeared in 1995. It deals with the First Air War, in really considerable detail - indexing and telling the stories now of almost 17,000 Allied air personnel in over half a million words of detailed research and examination. More information can be found at the web site I have built to explain this work, at The Sky Their Battlefield 2 http://www.theskytheirbattlefield2.com/

But as part of my wider interest in most aspects of The Great War I also came across Lt Jack Duffy's Gallipoli album in a shop in Melbourne in the early 1990's. A few years ago I began to explore on this site here how I could use a blog to publish many of the photos it contained - with particular emphasis on the photos of graves which Lt Duffy had taken so much trouble to record before he and his comrades were evacuated, inevitably leaving them behind. I find his actions in doing this particularly moving. The very least I can do as the present owner of his album is to share them - exactly in the way he so clearly intended.

And now this tale takes a turn... If you search for Jack Duffy on the Net you find that in the last year a book has been published in Australia - of his photos! "Where Anzacs Sleep. The Gallipoli Photos of Capt Jack Duffy - 8th Battalion" by Ron Austin of Slouch Hat Publications (ISBN 0 9758353 2 7).

This excellent book explains that Duffy returned to Victoria and after the war took his images out on magic lantern tours around the Australian states. The book primarily appears to draw on these and I heartily recommend it to you all.

What I have are Jack's original photos in one of his original albums, all carefully annotated in his own hand in fine white copperplate ink script. I say -one- of his albums because Ron Austin's book contains obviously personal photos not found in the album I own. On the other hand, my album has a number of other photos of scenes and locations that Jack chose not to show on his travels, as well as his original captions, which often reveal more about an image than is first apparent. For example, a photo of a large group of Diggers apparently standing around the water tanks at Shrapnel Gully are revealled by Jack's caption to be earnestly engaged in a game of Two-up!

Rather than to cover a wider selection of his fascinating images - so expertly gone over by Ron Austin in his book - I have concentrated on the images of graves. I made high resolution copies of all the album's contents a few years back and then extracted and ordered all the grave images and relevant names into battalions and regiments. It is this set of photos and names, relating to 97 individuals' original Gallipoli graves, which I have uploaded and described here.

I have enhanced the images as much as possible whilst ensuring they remain true to how they appear in the album, as well as always including Jack's captions. Most images have an additional detail photo appended for reference.

To completely contradict what I have just said, however, I'll begin with a photo of Jack Duffy (on the right, above) so you can see the individual who was responsible for all that you now see.

And in addition, here is that picture of the Two-up game with Jack's own caption. It shows a group of ANZAC mates and comrades at Gallipoli. They're engaged in a pastime as familiar to those young Australians born 110 years ago as cricket or reading a book. All around them, however, the most appalling carnage is going on - a game of two-up must have seemed the most blessed relief. When the evacuation took place in December 1915 these men left behind between eight and nine thousand dead Australian comrades, lost in a conflict that for all the combatants had claimed possibly half a million casualties in only eight months. As every parent will tell you, or any brother or sister, every life is precious beyond words. If pictures can tell a thousand words then this record of almost a hundred original Gallipoli graves can possibly go a little way towards remembering and honouring the Australians, New Zealanders, British and others who have been at rest now for ninety years in the Dardanelles.

44. Copyright

All copyright in all images and other materials on this website are the property of Trevor Henshaw (©2007 TGHH). Printing, copying and/or downloading of the content of this website is permitted for personal and non-commercial use only, provided that the content and context remains unaltered and the source is credited.

Republishing, distributing and/or copying any portion of the content on the website is prohibited except for purposes of quoting from, or citing as an example of, the site’s content, as long as Trevor Henshaw’s copyright is acknowledged and citation included. The content is protected by European Union copyright laws and other international copyright laws and conventions. The use of content on this website for purposes other than those permitted is prohibited except where express written authority has been obtained from Trevor Henshaw.

With that out of the way, I hope any visitors to the site find it informative and useful.

43. LINKS

Anyone is welcome to get in touch with me about this site at t.henshaw@talktalk.net

There are some remarkable resources on the Internet relating to the Gallipoli Campaign, whether one is contemplating a visit to Turkey, wants general historical information, or else is searching for significantly more primary sources for historical research. In the preparation of these pages I have visited the following sites and recommend them all:

National Archives of Australia
http://www.naa.gov.au/
This is the outstanding site on the Internet for research of particular individuals who have fought for Australian Forces. Individual service records of each and every WW1 ANZAC combatant can be viewed, often running to 50 or 60 pages long. Much of it is the formal assemblage of forms and chits that service life seems always to accrue. But then occasionally there is the odd piece of personal correspondence from a parent or sister, or a quickly assembled list of a man’s possessions awaiting despatch back to a grieving family that cut back through ninety years in an instant and in which an individual life is found resonating and laid bare. Lest we forget.

On the home page go to Service Records, then WW1, then Name Search.

ANZAC
http://www.anzacs.net/
At Anzacs.net there is another remarkable collection of information and detailed, easily accessible material found virtually no where else on the Net. For research on these photographs, for example, I went to their “Gallipoli Graveyards” section: enter the website, then click on Gallipoli Graveyards. Here you can search for names and details of the fallen or for locations.

Digger History
http://www.diggerhistory.info/
This is another mine of information on Australian fighting forces in both World Wars. Clicking on Military History takes you into where you can enter the WW1 sections. There are copious Gallipoli pages within this, including sections on the Gallipoli graveyards that also look at other original graves and grave markers from Anzac.

Leaders of Anzacs
http://www.anzacs.org/
Excellent for Australian officers who served at Gallipoli, but also lists every headstone inscription for Anzacs with a known grave. There is also material on the 5th Light Horse Regiment.

Gallipoli Guide
http://www.anzac.govt.nz/gallipoliguide/
The NZ Government site with sections on the Gallipoli cemeteries listing details of all New Zealanders lost in the campaign.

Commonwealth War Graves Commission
http://www.cwgc.org/admin/files/cwgc_gallipoli.pdf
An article on the Gallipoli campaign and its aftermath, including the problems faced by the Commission when it returned to the Peninsula after the war to reconstruct the cemeteries.

Mapping Gallipoli
http://www.awm.gov.au/gmaps/cemeteries/index.asp
The Australian War Memorial site which includes background on, for example, the mapping of three of the original Gallipoli cemeteries

Visiting Gallipoli
http://www.anzacsite.gov.au/
An educationally oriented site with significant and well set out general content.

Gallipoli 1915: The Drama of the Dardanelles
http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/2/gallipoli/navigate.htm
London’s Imperial War Museum’s site. I recommend Peter Hart’s article entitled Gallipoli: The Air War, which looks in detail at the work of the RNAS over the battlefield.

Slouch Hat Publications
http://www.slouch-hat.com.au/html/publications.htm
Where you can peruse some of the best titles on Australian military history including Ron Austin’s book on Jack Duffy: WHERE ANZACS SLEEP: The Gallipoli photos of Captain Jack Duffy - 8th Battalion.

42. THE NAMES AND THE PHOTOGRAPHS

This is a list of the 97 individuals mentioned on this site for whom an original 1915 grave or a cross or a memorial has been identified from Jack Duffy's Gallipoli photographs. They are all members of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) unless noted as New Zealanders, or of the Royal Navy etc. The names are in alphabetical surname order and the number in brackets is the post you need to go to for further information and relevant images. Click on the number to link to it.

Pte Claude W ABBOT 13 [20]
Trpr Frank L A'BECKETT 678 [16]
Pte Charles H ALLEN 984 [5]
Pte William ALTREE 1452 [5]
LCpl James A ANDERSON 235 [16]
Sgt David J ANDERSON 1175 [7]
Pte Thomas A ATWILL 299 [5]
Pte Benjamin S BARKER 8/1699 NZ [33]
Pte John BESWICK 1558 [5]
Lt Herbert A BIGGSLEY [12]
2Cpl George H BIRD 15 [18]
Cpl Walter H BLAKE 961 [6]
Trpr Victor E BLAKENEY 575 [16]
Pte Frank BOLAND 6/885 NZ [33]
Lt Col George F BRAUND VD [1]
Trpr Frederick CL BRIDGELAND 73 [21]
Spr William J BUSBRIDGE 4/168a NZ [35]
Trpr Neil CAMPION 11/32 NZ [34]
Gnr Stanley G CARTER 1793 [30]
Commander Edward H CATER RN [39]
LCpl Henry N CHANDLER 59 [23]
Pte William COLES 917 [27]
Cpl Hugh COLQUHUON 239 [18]
Capt Athony PH CORLEY [24]
Capt Robert C CROCKER [30]
Cpl Alfred G CROUD 2087 [25]
Pte Charles E d'ALTON 769 [9]
Dvr Albert H DAVEY 894 [5]
Lt William H DAWKINS [19]
Trpr Colin L DOUGLAS 397 [39]
Trpr Thomas A DUDDERIDGE 693 [16]
Maj Walter W ELLIS [1]
Spr Walter FAIRBAIRN 55 [18]
Spr Henry H FAIRNHAM 54 [18]
Rifleman Alex FORREST [26]
Spr Charles C FOWLE 212 [18]
Pte George FJ GASCOYNE 1942 [10]
Gnr C David GERRANS 4220 [22]
2Cpl John J GOUGH 122 [18]
Pte James GREAR 637 [20]
Pte Joseph GURRY 1751 [5]
Capt Sydney R HALL [26]
LCpl John HANCOX 300 [27]
Lt Col Hubert JI HARRIS VD [40]
Dvr Albert JB HARRIS 815 [20]
Lt Hon Leslie R HARTLAND [10]
Pte Thomas E HAYLOCK 866 [14]
Pte Sydney B HOLT 1357 [5]
Bdr Percy S HOOPPELL 916 [20]
Spr Cecil WR HOWLETT 60 [18 & 28]
Pte William R JAMES 1374 [18]
Pte Arthur S JOHNSON 801 [5]
Pte John L KING 357 [12]
LCpl David LEES 318 [11 & 29]
LCpl James T LILBURNE 1569 [12]
Cpl Alexander J MACDONALD 132 [18]
Gnr Albert H MASTERS 1816 [32]
Sgt Francis MATTHEWS 71 [29]
Pte Albert McCANN 436 [14]
Pte Patrick M McDONOUGH 835 [8]
Pte Jack McDOUGALL 1303 [3]
Pte Augustus A McDOWALL 225 [4]
2Lt Maurice L McLEOD [4]
Pte William MELLOR 1842 [8]
Sgt Phillip WG MOON [13]
Spr William MOORE 716 [18]
Spr Edward MOORE CARTER 344 [18]
Pte Frank McC MOOREHEAD 691 [4]
Trpr Archibald H MORETON 542 [16]
LCpl Humphrey O MOULE 549 [21]
Pte John G MURPHY 1163 KIA [5]
Pte Jack MURRY 8/1810 NZ [33]
Sgt Robert R NAIRN 4/654 NZ [36]
Pte Thomas C NOAKES 578 [37]
Spr Cleveland E PAGE 70 [18]
Spr James R PANTLIN 74 [18]
Pte Richard PRESTON 1065 [4]
2Lt Charlton H PROCKTER [24]
2Lt Charles EM PUCKLE [24]
Spr Fred REYNOLDS 191 [18]
Pte James W REYNOLDS 710 [4]
Cpl William D ROBERTS 183 [3]
Pte John ROUTLEDGE 1558 [5]
Cpl Walter B SEAMAN 101 [5]
Capt John E SERGEANT [15]
Pte Thomas W STOKES 946 [25]
Dvr Smedley JJ TERRY 191 [21]
Pte Benjamin T THORPE 1184 [5]
Trpr William TOSH 551 [16]
Pte George H TRUE 58 [38]
Spr Claude D TURBET 41 [18]
Trpr Miles N TURNER 192 [21]
Mjr Charles H VILLIERS STUART [19]
Pte Lindsay G WALLIS 614 [9]
Tpr Keith E WATT 824 [17]
Sapr Francis L WELLS 112 [18 & 19]
Lt Clarence W WOLFENDEN [26]

41. Shrapnel Gully Cemetery

A view of Shrapnel Gully Cemetery.

40. Lt Col HJI Harris VD

The grave of Lt Col Hubert JI Harris VD, Commanding Officer of the 5th Light Horse Regiment. Harris served in the Boer War with the Queensland Mounted Infantry and then the militia, being promoted to Lt Col in 1911. He took the 5th Light horse to Gallipoli in mid May 1915 and was killed in action on the evening of 31 July 1915, aged 44.

He was observing the attack being made by the 3rd Infantry Brigade on Turkish positions in front of Tasmania Post, from a machine gun observation post in Leane's Trench on Harris Ridge, when responding Turkish shelling fell about the position and a bullet entered through the loophole hitting him in the neck, resulting in his death within minutes. He was buried in Shell Green Cemetery the following evening.

39. Cdr EH Cater RN

Commander Edward H Cater RN was the Naval Transport Officer in charge of landing operations at Anzac Beach. He was killed in action by shrapnel on 5 August 1915. He lies in Beach Cemetery.

From FIVE MONTHS AT ANZAC by JL Beeston:

Towards the end of July great preparations were made for an offensive movement, the object being to take Hill 971 and so turn the Turk's right. ...On the third of August we received orders to remove to the left flank, the right being held by the Australian Division which participated in the operation known afterwards as Lone Pine. The last day on the beach proved to be pretty hot with shelling, chiefly from Beachy Bill. A number of pinnaces were busy all day towing in barges from the transports, and this could be easily seen from the olive grove where Bill had his lair. At one time the shells came over like rain; two of the pinnaces were hit below the water-line, and were in imminent danger of sinking. Through all the shelling Commander Cater ran along the pier to give some direction regarding the pinnaces, but was killed before he got there. He was a brave man, and always very courteous and considerate.

Very speculative, but possible, is the cross just to the right and behind Cater's. This may be Trpr Colin L Douglas 397 of the 4th Australian Light Horse, killed in action on 7 August 1915, aged 20. He lies in Shell Green Cemetery.